Seizures, Shaking Episodes, and Loss of Consciousness

A seizure happens when there is an unexpected change in electrical activity in the brain, resulting in unusual movements, confusion, or blackouts. They can occur due to head injuries, infections, and genetic or developmental conditions.  

Epilepsy, a seizure disorder, is the most common cause. Additional causes include a fever, encephalitis and strokes. In rare cases, a seizure may be caused by a brain tumour. After a seizure, you may lose consciousness. 

Shaking or trembling is when parts of your body, such as your hands, legs or head, start to move involuntarily. You may shake for a short time if you are feeling scared, anxious, excited, or tired. You might also be dehydrated.  

Neurological causes include Parkinson’s disease, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and multiple sclerosis. Some medications can also cause shaking as a side effect, such as anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and some heart rhythm medicines. Your doctor will explain what you could expect when they prescribe your medication. 

Loss of consciousness is when you suddenly become unconscious and cannot react to your surroundings. It can also lead to dizziness, confusion, and a slow or fast pulse. If you lose consciousness for a short time, not due to a seizure, we call this syncope or fainting. Some people shake or look pale when they faint.  

It can happen due to causes like dehydration, malnutrition, head injuries, heart problems, or certain medications. If a neurological condition causes it, we call this neurologic syncope. Strokes or transient ischaemic attacks (TIA), migraines, and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) can lead to a loss of consciousness.